 |
|
| Geography |
| Landlocked;
straddles a number of important crossroads in
the Pyrenees. |
| Location: |
Southwestern
Europe, between France and Spain |
| Geographic
coordinates: |
42 30 N, 1 30 E |
| Area: |
total: 468 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Size comparison: 2.5 times the
size of Washington, DC
|
| Land
Boundaries: |
total: 120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km |
| Coastline: |
0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime
claims: |
none (landlocked) |
| Climate: |
temperate; snowy,
cold winters and warm, dry summers |
| Terrain: |
rugged mountains
dissected by narrow valleys |
| Elevation
extremes: |
lowest point: Riu
Runer 840 m
highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m |
| Natural
resources: |
hydropower,
mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead |
| Land
use: |
arable land: 2.13%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.87% (2005) |
| Irrigated
land: |
NA |
| Natural
hazards: |
avalanches |
| Current
Environment Issues: |
deforestation;
overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to
soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater
treatment and solid waste disposal |
| International
Environment Agreements: |
party to:
Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes,
Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected
agreements |
| ^Back
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| People |
| Population: |
83,888 (July 2009
est.) |
| Age
structure: |
0-14 years: 15.5%
(male 6,710/female 6,305)
15-64 years: 72.2% (male 31,604/female 28,925)
65 years and over: 12.3% (male 5,113/female
5,231) (2009 est.) |
| Median
age: |
total: 39.4 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 39.1 years (2008 est.) |
| Population
growth rate: |
1.135% (2009 est.) |
| Birth
rate: |
10.59 births/1,000
population (2008 est.) |
| Death
rate: |
5.59 deaths/1,000
population (2008 est.) |
| Net
migration rate: |
6.89 migrant(s)/1,000
population (2009 est.) |
| Sex
ratio: |
at birth: 1.07
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female
total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2009
est.) |
| Infant
mortality rate: |
total: 3.76 deaths/1,000
live births
male: 3.78 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2009
est.) |
| Life
expectancy at birth: |
total population:
82.51 years
male: 80.33 years
female: 84.84 years (2009 est.) |
| Total
fertility rate: |
1.33 children born/woman
(2009 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: |
NA |
| HIV/AIDS
- people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
| HIV/AIDS
- deaths: |
NA |
| Nationality: |
noun: Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran |
| Ethnic
groups: |
Spanish 43%,
Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other
6% (1998) |
| Religions: |
Roman Catholic (predominant) |
| Languages: |
Catalan (official),
French, Castilian, Portuguese |
| Literacy: |
definition: NA
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100% |
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| Government |
| Country
name: |
conventional long
form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra |
| Government
type: |
parliamentary
democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its
chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two
princes are the president of France and bishop
of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented
locally by coprinces' representatives |
| Capital: |
name: Andorra la
Vella
geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of
Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday
in March; ends last Sunday in October |
| Administrative
divisions: |
7 parishes (parroquies,
singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo,
Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino,
Sant Julia de Loria |
| Independence: |
1278 (formed under
the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix
and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel) |
| National
holiday: |
Our Lady of
Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) |
| Constitution: |
Andorra's first
written constitution was drafted in 1991,
approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective
28 April 1993 |
| Legal
system: |
based on French
and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of
legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction |
| Suffrage: |
18 years of age;
universal |
| Executive
branch: |
chief of state:
French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May
2007); represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26
July 2002) and Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan
Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003);
represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since 30
July 2003)
head of government: Executive Council President
Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005)
cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated
by the Executive Council president
elections: Executive Council president elected
by the General Council and formally appointed by
the coprinces for a four-year term; election
last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held in
April-May 2009)
election results: Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA
elected executive council president; percent of
General Council vote - NA |
| Legislative
branch: |
unicameral General
Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las
Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct
popular vote, 14 from a single national
constituency and 14 to represent each of the
seven parishes; to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 24 April 2005 (next to
be held in March-April 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party - PLA
41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA-S21 11%, other 9.7%; seats
by party - PLA 14, PS 12, CDA-S21 2 |
| Judicial
branch: |
Tribunal of Judges
or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts
or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice
of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia
d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell
Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or
Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or
Tribunal Constitucional |
| Political
parties and leaders: |
Andorran
Democratic Center Party (formerly Democratic
Party or PD) and Century 21 or CDA and S21 [Enric
TARRADO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Albert
PINTAT SANTOLARIA] (formerly Liberal Union or UL);
Social Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU
CASSANY] (formerly part of National Democratic
Group or AND) |
| Political
pressure groups and leaders: |
NA |
| International
organization participation: |
CE, FAO, ICAO,
ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF,
OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina,
UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer) |
| Diplomatic
representation in the US: |
chief of mission:
Ambassador Carles FONT-ROSSELL
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor,
New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630 |
| Diplomatic
representation from the US: |
the US does not
have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to
Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in
Andorra are represented by the Consulate
General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing
address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23,
08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93)
280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175 |
| ^Back
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| Economy |
| Tourism,
the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do
economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An
estimated 11.6 million tourists visit annually,
attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by
its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's
comparative advantage has recently eroded as the
economies of neighboring France and Spain have
been opened up, providing broader availability
of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector,
with its partial "tax haven" status,
also contributes substantially to the economy.
Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of
the land is arable - and most food has to be
imported. The principal livestock activity is
sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists
mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture.
Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and
is treated as an EU member for trade in
manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU
member for agricultural products. |
| GDP
(purchasing power parity): |
$3.66 billion
(2007) $3.588 billion (2006) $2.77 billion
(2005) |
| GDP
(official exchange rate): |
$NA |
| GDP
- real growth rate: |
2% (2007 est.) |
| GDP
- per capita (PPP): |
$42,500 (2007) |
| GDP
- composition by sector: |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
| Labor
force: |
42,230 (2007) |
| Labor
force - by occupation: |
agriculture: 0.3%
industry: 20.8%
services: 79% (2007) |
| Unemployment
rate: |
0% (2007) |
| Population
below poverty line: |
NA% |
| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
3.9% (2007) |
| Budget: |
revenues: $496.9
million
expenditures: $496.8 million (2007) |
| Agriculture
- products: |
small quantities
of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep |
| Industries: |
tourism (particularly
skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking,
tobacco, furniture |
| Industrial
production growth rate: |
NA% |
| Electricity
- production: |
NA kWh |
| Electricity
- consumption: |
NA kWh |
| Electricity
- exports: |
NA kWh |
| Electricity
- imports: |
NA kWh; note -
most electricity supplied by Spain and France;
Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower |
| Exports: |
$117.1 million
f.o.b. (2007) |
| Exports
- commodities: |
tobacco products,
furniture |
| Imports: |
$1.789 billion
(2007) |
| Imports
- commodities: |
consumer goods,
food, electricity |
| Debt
- external: |
$NA |
| Currency
(code): |
euro (EUR) |
| Exchange
rates: |
euros (EUR) per US
dollar - 0.6734 (2008 est.), 0.7345 (2007),
0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004) |
| Fiscal
year: |
calendar year |
| ^Back
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| Communications |
| Telephones
in use: |
37,200 (2007) |
| Cellular
Phones in use: |
68,500 (2007) |
| Telephone
system: |
general assessment:
NA
domestic: modern system with microwave radio
relay connections between exchanges
international: country code - 376; landline
circuits to France and Spain |
| Radio
broadcast stations: |
AM 0, FM 1,
shortwave 0 (radio and television broadcasts
from French and Spanish stations are easily
picked up in Andorra) (2007) |
| Television
broadcast stations: |
1 (2007) |
| Internet
country code: |
.ad |
| Internet
hosts: |
23,368 (2008) |
| Internet
users: |
58,900 (2007) |
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| Transportation |
| Roadways: |
total: 270 km |
| ^Back
to Top |
| Military |
| Defense
is the responsibility of France and Spain |
| Military
branches: |
no regular
military forces, Police Service of Andorra |
| Manpower
available for military service: |
males age 16-49:
18,685 (2008 est.) |
| Manpower
fit for military service: |
males age 16-49:
18,617
females age 16-49: 17,613 (2009 est.) |